Flora of the Potomac River Basin, Events leading to 4.2.2 Congressional Research Service, The Mexican Cession shown in red and the later Gadsden Purchase shown in yellow. A variety of fish inhabit the Potomac including bass muskellunge pike walleye the northern snakehead an invasive species resembling the native bowfin lamprey and American eel was first seen in 2004. Many types of sunfish are also present in the Potomac and its headwaters. Although rare bull sharks can be found. Dred Scott Caning of Charles Sumner, Procedures of Congress One of Congress's foremost non-legislative functions is the power to investigate and oversee the executive branch. Congressional oversight is usually delegated to committees and is facilitated by Congress's subpoena power. Some critics have charged that Congress has in some instances failed to do an adequate job of overseeing the other branches of government in the Plame affair critics including Representative Henry A Waxman charged that Congress was not doing an adequate job of oversight in this case. There have been concerns about congressional oversight of executive actions such as warrantless wiretapping although others respond that Congress did investigate the legality of presidential decisions. Political scientists Ornstein and Mann suggested that oversight functions do not help members of Congress win reelection Congress also has the exclusive power of removal allowing impeachment and removal of the president federal judges and other federal officers. There have been charges that presidents acting under the doctrine of the unitary executive have assumed important legislative and budgetary powers that should belong to Congress. So-called signing statements are one way in which a president can "tip the balance of power between Congress and the White House a little more in favor of the executive branch" according to one account. Past presidents including Ronald Reagan George H W Bush Bill Clinton and George W Bush have made public statements when signing congressional legislation about how they understand a bill or plan to execute it and commentators including the American Bar Association have described this practice as against the spirit of the Constitution. There have been concerns that presidential authority to cope with financial crises is eclipsing the power of Congress in 2008 George F Will called the Capitol building a "tomb for the antiquated idea that the legislative branch matters". 3 Modern capitals Civil War Era Richard Bland Virginia 1 Yes Bvt Maj Gen, Opponents of D.C voting rights propose that the Founding Fathers never intended for District residents to have a vote in Congress since the Constitution makes clear that representation must come from the states Those opposed to making D.C a state claim that such a move would destroy the notion of a separate national capital and that statehood would unfairly grant Senate representation to a single city particularly one certain to elect Democratic representatives. A locally elected mayor and a 13-member council have governed the District since 1973 However Congress maintains supreme authority over the city and may overturn local laws D.C residents elect a non-voting at-large congressional delegate to the House of Representatives but the District has no representation in the Senate District voters choose three presidential electors in accordance with the Twenty-third Amendment to the United States Constitution ratified in 1961.
. William Montrose Graham Jr US soldiers' memoirs describe cases of looting and murder of Mexican civilians mostly by State Volunteers One officer's diary records:. . . . Main article: Siege of Yorktown, Clay proposes compromise, Voting within Congress can take many forms including systems using lights and bells and electronic voting. Both houses use voice voting to decide most matters in which members shout "aye" or "no" and the presiding officer announces the result the Constitution however requires a recorded vote if demanded by one-fifth of the members present or when voting to override a presidential veto If the voice vote is unclear or if the matter is controversial a recorded vote usually happens the Senate uses roll-call voting in which a clerk calls out the names of all the senators each senator stating "aye" or "no" when their name is announced in the Senate the Vice President may cast the tie-breaking vote if present when the Senators are equally divided. Researchers found that there were 4,822 same-sex couples in the District of Columbia in 2010; about 2% of total households. Legislation authorizing same-sex marriage passed in 2009 and the District began issuing marriage licenses to same-sex couples in March 2010, Main articles: Crime in Washington D.C and List of law enforcement agencies in the District of Columbia, Confluence of the North and South Branches of the Potomac River near Potomac Forks Campsite (southeast of Cumberland) Allegany County Maryland. Benjamin Franklin an early advocate of colonial unity was a foundational figure in defining the U.S ethos and exemplified the emerging nation's ideals, Civil rights and home rule era Main articles: George Washington and slavery Slavery in the colonial United States and Slavery in the United States.
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