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4 Legal issues 1.2 Designs on California 5.2 Scholarship on the Founders Lewis Morris New York 1 Yes! Because of the three-fifths compromise in the U.S Constitution in which slaves counted in the calculation of how many representatives a state had in Congress (though only three-fifths as much as a free person) the planter class had long held power in Congress out of proportion to the total number of free people in the US population as a whole.

Washington D.C. Business Directory, The United States Constitution adopted in 1787 prevented Congress from completely banning the importation of slaves until 1808 although Congress regulated it in the Slave Trade Act of 1794 and in subsequent Acts in 1800 and 1803. After the Revolution numerous states individually passed laws against importing slaves by contrast the states of Georgia and South Carolina reopened their trade due to demand by their upland planters who were developing new cotton plantations: Georgia from 1800 until December 31 1807 and South Carolina from 1804 in that period Charleston traders imported about 75,000 slaves more than were brought to South Carolina in the 75 years before the Revolution. Approximately 30,000 were imported to Georgia. . The district encompassed three small cities: Alexandria formerly in Virginia Georgetown formerly Maryland and the deliberately planned central core the City of Washington Both the White House and the United States Capitol were already completed and in use by 1800 as called for by the 1791 L'Enfant Plan for the City of Washington although the city was not formally chartered until 1802 Beyond those cities the remainder of the District was farmland organized by the 1801 Act into two counties Washington County D.C east of the Potomac and Alexandria County D.C on the west side encompassing today's Arlington County and the independent city of Alexandria, Nevertheless incumbent members of Congress running for reelection have strong advantages over challengers. They raise more money because donors fund incumbents over challengers perceiving the former as more likely to win and donations are vital for winning elections. One critic compared being elected to Congress to receiving life tenure at a university. Another advantage for representatives is the practice of gerrymandering. After each ten-year census states are allocated representatives based on population and officials in power can choose how to draw the congressional district boundaries to support candidates from their party As a result reelection rates of members of Congress hover around 90 percent, causing some critics to accuse them of being a privileged class. Academics such as Princeton's Stephen Macedo have proposed solutions to fix gerrymandering in the U.S Both senators and representatives enjoy free mailing privileges called franking privileges; while these are not intended for electioneering this rule is often skirted by borderline election-related mailings during campaigns. .