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. A term of Congress is divided into two "sessions" one for each year; Congress has occasionally been called into an extra or special session a new session commences on January 3 each year unless Congress decides differently the Constitution requires Congress meet at least once each year and forbids either house from meeting outside the Capitol without the consent of the other house, Salmon Portland Chase (Chief Justice) December 6 1864 December 6 1864, President Lincoln (center right) with from left Generals Sherman and Grant and Admiral Porter in the Peacemakers an 1868 painting of events aboard the River Queen in March 1865. Salmon Portland Chase (Chief Justice) December 6 1864 December 6 1864. Main article: Assassination of Abraham Lincoln Washington proclaimed November 26 as a day of Thanksgiving in order to encourage national unity "It is the duty of all nations to acknowledge the providence of Almighty God to obey His will to be grateful for His benefits and humbly to implore His protection and favor." He spent that day fasting and visiting debtors in prison to provide them with food and beer. . Unconquerable prejudice resulting from their color they never could amalgamate with the free whites of this country it was desirable therefore as it respected them and the residue of the population of the country to drain them off, Nearly all of the 55 Constitutional Convention delegates had some experience in colonial and state government and the majority had held county and local offices. Those who lacked national congressional experience were Bassett Blair Brearly Broom Davie Dayton Alexander Martin Luther Martin Mason McClurg Paterson Charles Pinckney Strong and Yates.

In surveys of U.S scholars ranking presidents conducted since the 1940s Lincoln is consistently ranked in the top three often as number one a 2004 study found that scholars in the fields of history and politics ranked Lincoln number one while legal scholars placed him second after George Washington.:264 in presidential ranking polls conducted in the United States since 1948 Lincoln has been rated at the top in the majority of polls Generally the top three presidents are rated as 1 Lincoln; 2 Washington; and 3 Franklin Delano Roosevelt although the order varies, Both parties deprecated war but one of them would make war rather than let the Nation survive and the other would accept war rather than let it perish and the war came, Media 12 External links Supreme Court Justices. Native Americans holding African-American slaves 2 Compromise and adoption Main article: Procedures of the United States Congress 5.2.2 Noted collections of the Founding Fathers. 2 Defending the capital The National Gallery of Art is on the National Mall near the Capitol and features works of American and European art the gallery and its collections are owned by the U.S government but are not a part of the Smithsonian Institution the National Building Museum which occupies the former Pension Building near Judiciary Square was chartered by Congress and hosts exhibits on architecture urban planning and design, To end another war scare with the United Kingdom over the Oregon Country Polk signed the Oregon Treaty dividing the territory angering northern Democrats who felt he was prioritizing Southern expansion over Northern expansion. Crowds surrounding the Lincoln Memorial Reflecting Pool during the Great March on Washington 1963 Main article: Patriot (American Revolution). This lasted well into the 20th century President Lyndon B Johnson abolished peonage in 1966 which rapidly decreased sharecropping in every plantation nationwide Journalist Douglas A Blackmon reported in his Pulitzer Prize-winning book Slavery by Another Name that many blacks were virtually enslaved under convict leasing programs which started after the Civil War Most Southern states had no prisons; they leased convicts to businesses and farms for their labor and the lessee paid for food and board the incentives for abuse were satisfied. Texas 14 Bibliography Dred Scott v Sandford, Ideology and factions Washington wrote Alexander Hamilton on July 10: "I almost despair of seeing a favorable issue to the proceedings of our convention and do therefore repent having had any agency in the business." Nevertheless he lent his prestige to the goodwill and work of the other delegates He unsuccessfully lobbied many to support ratification of the Constitution such as anti-federalist Patrick Henry to whom he said "the adoption of it under the present circumstances of the Union is in my opinion desirable" declaring that the alternative would be anarchy. Washington and Madison then spent four days at Mount Vernon evaluating the transition of the new government! Members of Congress enjoy parliamentary privilege including freedom from arrest in all cases except for treason felony and breach of the peace and freedom of speech in debate This constitutionally derived immunity applies to members during sessions and when traveling to and from sessions the term arrest has been interpreted broadly and includes any detention or delay in the course of law enforcement including court summons and subpoenas the rules of the House strictly guard this privilege; a member may not waive the privilege on their own but must seek the permission of the whole house to do so Senate rules however are less strict and permit individual senators to waive the privilege as they choose.