McNutt Timothy E

. ; Some accounts report that Washington opposed flogging but at times sanctioned its use generally as a last resort on both male and female slaves. Washington used both reward and punishment to encourage discipline and productivity in his slaves He tried appealing to an individual's sense of pride gave better blankets and clothing to the "most deserving" and motivated his slaves with cash rewards He believed "watchfulness and admonition" to be often better deterrents against transgressions but would punish those who "will not do their duty by fair means." Punishment ranged in severity from demotion back to fieldwork through whipping and beatings to permanent separation from friends and family by sale Historian Ron Chernow maintains that overseers were required to warn slaves before resorting to the lash and required Washington's written permission before whipping though his extended absences did not always permit this. Washington remained dependent on slave labor to work his farms and negotiated the purchase of more slaves in 1786 and 1787.

Only four (Baldwin Gilman Jenifer and Alexander Martin) were lifelong bachelors Many of their spouses like Eliza Schuyler Hamilton Martha Washington Abigail Adams Sarah Livingston Jay Dolley Madison Mary White Morris and Catherine Alexander Duer were strong women who made significant contributions of their own to the fight for liberty. Broom and Few were small farmers Grant waged his bloody Overland Campaign in 1864 with heavy losses on both sides.:113 Despite this when Lincoln asked what Grant's plans were the general replied "I propose to fight it out on this line if it takes all summer.":501. . ; Further information: Saint Patrick's Battalion The Constitution provides checks and balances among the three branches of the federal government Its authors expected the greater power to lie with Congress as described in Article One.