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Washington forced the British out of Boston in the spring of 1776 and neither the British nor the Loyalists controlled any significant areas the British however were massing forces at their naval base at Halifax Nova Scotia They returned in force in July 1776 landing in New York and defeating Washington's Continental Army in August at the Battle of Brooklyn Following that victory they requested a meeting with representatives from Congress to negotiate an end to hostilities, 9 Native Americans During the mid-1780s numerous locations were offered by the states to serve as the nation's capital but the Continental Congress could never agree on a site due to regional loyalties and tensions. Proposed sites included: Kingston New York; Nottingham Township in New Jersey; Annapolis; Williamsburg Virginia; Wilmington Delaware; Reading Pennsylvania; Germantown Pennsylvania; Lancaster Pennsylvania; New York City; Philadelphia; and Princeton; among others the Southern states refused to accept a capital in the North and vice versa Another suggestion was for there to be two capitals one in the North and one in the South! Prices of slaves Further information: Slave states and free states and Abraham Lincoln and slavery, Main articles: American Civil War and Battle of Fort Sumter. Washington D.C observes all federal holidays and also celebrates Emancipation Day on April 16 which commemorates the end of slavery in the District the flag of Washington D.C was adopted in 1938 and is a variation on George Washington's family coat of arms, State volunteers were raised in various sized units and for various periods of time mostly for one year Later some were raised for the duration of the war as it became clear it was going to last longer than a year, African Union: Addis Ababa and Midrand (Johannesburg). 3.2 Checks and balances Patriots, The diagnosis of Washington's illness and the immediate cause of his death have been subjects of debate since the day that he died the published account of Drs Craik and Brown[q] stated that his symptoms had been consistent with cynanche trachealis (tracheal inflammation) a term of that period used to describe severe inflammation of the upper windpipe including quinsy Accusations have persisted since Washington's death concerning medical malpractice with some believing that he had been bled to death. Various modern medical authors have speculated that he died from a severe case of epiglottitis complicated by the given treatments most notably the massive blood loss which almost certainly caused hypovolemic shock.[r]. Further information: American Revolution American Revolutionary War and George Washington in the American Revolution, Most northern states passed legislation for gradual abolition first freeing children born to slave mothers (and requiring them to serve lengthy indentures to their mother's masters often into their 20s as young adults) As a result of this gradualist approach New York did not fully free its last ex-slaves until 1827 Rhode Island had seven slaves still listed in the 1840 census Pennsylvania's last ex-slaves were freed in 1847 Connecticut's in 1848 and New Hampshire and New Jersey in 1865.

The theory of the "social contract" influenced the belief among many of the Founders that the right of the people to overthrow their leaders was one of the "natural rights" of man should those leaders betray the historic rights of Englishmen the Americans heavily used Montesquieu's analysis of the wisdom of the "balanced" British Constitution (mixed government) in writing the state and national constitutions. 6 Culture The United States Congress is the bicameral legislature of the federal government of the United States and consists of two chambers: the House of Representatives and the Senate the Congress meets in the United States Capitol in Washington D.C Both senators and representatives are chosen through direct election though vacancies in the Senate may be filled by a gubernatorial appointment Congress has 535 voting members: 435 representatives and 100 senators the House of Representatives has six non-voting members representing Puerto Rico American Samoa Guam the Northern Mariana Islands the U.S Virgin Islands and the District of Columbia in addition to its 435 voting members Although they cannot vote in the full house these members can address the house sit and vote in congressional committees and introduce legislation, Washington was concerned with Howe's movements during the Saratoga campaign to the north and he was also aware that Burgoyne was moving south toward Saratoga from Quebec Washington took some risks to support Gates' army sending reinforcements north with Generals Benedict Arnold his most aggressive field commander and Benjamin Lincoln On October 7 1777 Burgoyne tried to take Bemis Heights but was isolated from support by Howe He was forced to retreat to Saratoga and ultimately surrendered after the Battles of Saratoga as Washington suspected Gates's victory emboldened his critics. Biographer John Alden maintains "It was inevitable that the defeats of Washington's forces and the concurrent victory of the forces in upper New York should be compared." the admiration for Washington was waning including little credit from John Adams. British commander Howe resigned in May 1778 left America forever and was replaced by Sir Henry Clinton. . . Abolition of slavery by state action during the Civil War, See also: List of clergy in the American Revolution, strong unicameral legislatures The revolution could divide families such as William Franklin son of Benjamin Franklin and royal governor of the Province of New Jersey who remained loyal to the Crown throughout the war He and his father never spoke again. Recent immigrants who had not been fully Americanized were also inclined to support the King such as Flora MacDonald who was a Scottish settler in the back country. The Revolution did revolutionize social relations it did displace the deference the patronage the social divisions that had determined the way people viewed one another for centuries and still view one another in much of the world it did give to ordinary people a pride and power not to say an arrogance that have continued to shock visitors from less favored lands it may have left standing a host of inequalities that have troubled us ever since But it generated the egalitarian view of human society that makes them troubling and makes our world so different from the one in which the revolutionists had grown up. A total of about 7000 to 8000 Patriots served on "Committees of Correspondence" at the colonial and local levels comprising most of the leadership in their communities Loyalists were excluded the committees became the leaders of the American resistance to British actions and largely determined the war effort at the state and local level When the First Continental Congress decided to boycott British products the colonial and local Committees took charge examining merchant records and publishing the names of merchants who attempted to defy the boycott by importing British goods. The war became a personal issue for the king fueled by his growing belief that British leniency would be taken as weakness by the Americans He also sincerely believed that he was defending Britain's constitution against usurpers rather than opposing patriots fighting for their natural rights, The White House ranked second on the AIA's "List of America's Favorite Architecture", 10.1 Abolition and emancipation 6.1 Landmarks Prigg v Pennsylvania Star of the West.