. The term Founding Fathers is sometimes used to refer to the Signers of the embossed version of the Declaration of Independence in 1776. Signers is not be confused with the term Framers; the Framers are defined by the National Archives as those 55 individuals who were appointed to be delegates to the 1787 Constitutional Convention and took part in drafting the proposed Constitution of the United States Of the 55 Framers only 39 were signers of the Constitution. Two further groupings of Founding Fathers include: 1) those who signed the Continental Association a trade ban and one of the colonists' first collective volleys protesting British control and the Intolerable Acts in 1774, or 2) those who signed the Articles of Confederation the first U.S constitutional document. . Further information: the Papers of George Washington List of memorials to George Washington and U.S presidents on U.S postage stamps, West Indies: Hamilton See also: List of colleges and universities in Washington D.C.
A large crowd in front of a large building with many pillars. . Some British troops retreated after a brief stand while others took refuge in Nassau Hall which became the target of Colonel Alexander Hamilton's cannons Washington's troops charged the British surrendered in less than an hour and 194 soldiers laid down their arms. Howe retreated to New York City where his army remained inactive until early the next year. Washington's depleted Continental Army took up winter headquarters in Morristown New Jersey while disrupting British supply lines and expelling them from parts of New Jersey Washington later said that the British could have successfully counter-attacked his encampment before his troops were dug in. 1870 131,700 75.4% Free blacks in the North and South fought on both sides of the Revolution but most fought for the Patriots Gary Nash reports that there were about 9,000 black Patriots counting the Continental Army and Navy state militia units privateers wagoneers in the Army servants to officers and spies. Ray Raphael notes that thousands did join the Loyalist cause but "a far larger number free as well as slave tried to further their interests by siding with the patriots." Crispus Attucks was shot dead by British soldiers in the Boston Massacre in 1770 and is considered the first American casualty of the Revolutionary War. A month before the end of the war Polk was criticized in a United States House of Representatives amendment to a bill praising Major General Zachary Taylor for "a war unnecessarily and unconstitutionally begun by the President of the United States." This criticism in which Congressman Abraham Lincoln played an important role with his Spot Resolutions followed congressional scrutiny of the war's beginnings including factual challenges to claims made by President Polk the vote followed party lines with all Whigs supporting the amendment Lincoln's attack won lukewarm support from fellow Whigs in Illinois but was harshly counter-attacked by Democrats who rallied pro-war sentiments in Illinois; Lincoln's Spot resolutions haunted his future campaigns in the heavily Democratic state of Illinois and were cited by enemies well into his presidency, Bolivia: Sucre is the constitutional capital and the supreme tribunal of justice is located in Sucre making it the judicial capital the palacio quemado the national congress and national electoral court are located in La Paz making it the seat of government, During the Spanish colonial era the Californias (i.e. the Baja California peninsula and Alta California) were sparsely settled After Mexico became independent it shut down the missions and reduced its military presence in 1842 the US minister in Mexico Waddy Thompson Jr suggested Mexico might be willing to cede Alta California to settle debts saying: "As to Texas I regard it as of very little value compared with California the richest the most beautiful and the healthiest country in the world . with the acquisition of Upper California we should have the same ascendency on the Pacific . France and England both have had their eyes upon it."[citation needed].
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